Tabratt n yisallen, ut'tun wis 5: TUTLAYT TIRLANDIT(L'Irlandais) [Archives] - Kabyle.com

AMENAY2

07/07/2003, 11h12

Imal* n Lesrar
Assider n Tutlayt Tirlandit (la "sauvegarde" de la langue Irlandaise)

Sghur n Conny van den Bor

*imal=futur

[Aqeddem : ass-a nefren-d (nextar-d) yiwen n wed'ris s wazal-is, d win yerzan tutlayt tirlandit negh tagaelit akken s-qqaren wid tt-yettmeslayen, tutlayt taghelnawt n Tegduda n Irland seg wasmi ay tewwi azarug-is (indépendance) di 1921. D acu kan, xas yettunefk-as wemkan âlayen i tutlayt-a di tmurt-is, at'as n medden ur a tt-nettmeslay ara u smenyafayen taglizit ay h'ettmen fell-asen yimennekcamen ach'al n leqrun ayaka. Xas anabad' (gouvernement) irlandi ixeddem ayen umi yezmer akken ad tt-id-yessider deg wennar, at'as n Yirlandiyen ara tt-yettaddjan, imi ghur-sen d taglizit ay yesâan azal akk d lfayda, di lweqt i deg tutlayt-nsen ttwalin-tt tuze'r (condamnée) akken ad temmet. Wid ih'emmlen tirlandit, z'ran d akken tutlayt-a tesâa tinezmarin (potientialités) meqqren yernu tezmer ad tenfeâ tamurt-nsen sya ar sdat, dgha xeddmen at'as n tghawsiwin, deg wennar n leqdic akk d tdmas akken ad âerd'en ad rren tutlayt-nsen d tutlayt n weghrum. Ugur am wa, teghli-d deg-s ula d tamazight, d acu kan, nettat ur yelli unabad' ara tt-yettâawanen s tidet, wala imdanen yesâan tadrimt ara yettxemmimen ad tt-rren d tutlayt n weghrum. Ma tessidred'-d tutlayt di tira, aql-ik tgid' ah'urif gher sdat, maca ma mazal medden h'eqren-tt, ttwalin-tt d tutlayt ur nesâi azal, mazal abrid ghezzifen gher sdat. Dgha yiwen seg yiâekren (obstacles) imeqqranen ay ilaq ad ten-neghd'el deg yimenghi-nnegh i lmend n tutlayt netta d tah'eqranit ay tt-yeh'qer wegdud-is ay yefkan azal i tiyad'. Ilaq ad nnadit, am watmaten-nnegh Irlandiyen, amek ara nerfed tamazight akken ara tughal d tutlayt inefâen, is'elh'en i kra di tmeddurt n wegdud-nnegh, yernu ilaq ad d-nesban akk tighawsiwin i deg tezmer ad tenfeâ akk d lfaydat meqqren ay tezmer ad tent-id-tawi i Tmurt-nnegh di yal annar. Ma ur nexdim ara aya, ad'ris-agi ay d-newwi ghef tirlandit yesskanay-agh-d yiwet n tidet iqerrh'en. Yugh lh'al, xas tezmer tutlayt ad tawed' ad tughal d taghelnaw t deg wabâad' n tmura, ma yerra-tt wegdud-is di rrif, acemma ur tt-ineffeâ. Xas âeddan 82 n yiseggasen ghef tirlandit seg wasmi ay tella d tutlayt d tamens'abt di Irland, ar ass-a werâad d-teqd'iâ taglizit. Ula d nekni ghur-negh, iâedda useggas, ur d-illi wara ... yella wi yebghan ad tkemmel tmazight akka ?
Nessaram-awen afud igerrzen].

Tutlayt tirlandit negh tagaelit d tutlayt yessewhamen, imi xas ttmeslayen-tt di 26 n yikuntiyen (comtés) n Tegduda tirlandit, ur nezmir ad naf ula d yiwen n Yirlandi ay yettmeslayen tutlayt-is kullas. Tugh, at'as n Yirlandiyen ay yettmeslayen taglizit, tutlayt n wid yellan h'ekmen-ten zik-nni. Akken yebghu yili, llan wid ara iqeddcen ghef ussider-ines yernu simmal la ttnernin yelmez'yen yebghan ad lemden tutlayt-nsen tayemmat, xas akken sani nnd'en ad slen i teglizit.

Irlandiyen ih'emmlen tutlayt-nsen ur tt'uqqten ara at'as. Mbeâd ma tesâedda tutlayt tirlandit tucbih't tmanya n leqrun s ddaw n leh'kem aglizi, tewwed' alammi ay qrib tenger. Yugh lh'al, d taglizit ay yellan tesâa ugar n cciâa. Yernu ula d laz'-nni ameqqran ay iâeddan ghef Irland di 1847 ikemmel-as i tirlandit imi ar ass-a mazal ttwalin-tt medden d tutlayt kan n laz' akk d yigellilen. Asselmed ahucal (obligatoire) n tirlandit deg ugherbaz ur d-yewwi ara ayen akken ssarmen ad t-id-yawi. Igerdan Irlandiyen lemmden tirlandit seg ugherbaz amenzu alamma d taggara n welmud-nsen di tesnawit. D acu kan, taghara (qualité) n temsirin (leçons) seg wakken d iri-tt alammi ay bdan yigerdan kerr'hen tutlayt-nsen. Dgha yughal maci d lmuh'al ad naf abâad' yesâeddan 15 n yiseggasen netta ilemmed tirlandit, taggara, ur yettazmar ad d-yini ula d yiwet n tefyirt (phrase) s tutlayt-is akken ilaq lh'al.

Zzux (la fierté):

Alex Hijmans yettxemmim d akken d leâdjeb mi ara yidir wabâad' di tmurt i deg ker'hen medden tutlayt-nsen. Argaz-agi d Ahulandi yernu yesâa sebâa yiseggasen seg wasmi ara yettidir di Galway, deg Wetram (lgherb) n Irland. Yezrew (étudier) tutlayin akk d tsekla taseltit (celtique) di tesdawit n Utrecht, di Tmura n Wadda (Pays-Bas), dgha seg wakken yeâdjeb-it wanect-a, ir'uh' gher tesdawit n Galway akken ad yelmed xir tirlandit. Maca yettxemmim d akken d ayen yessewhamen imi Irlandiyen, xas ttzuxxun s tmurt-nsen, h'eqren tutlayt-nsen yernu ttwalin-tt ur tenfiâ i wacemma, di lweqt i deg netta, d aberr'ani yettmeslayen tirlandit, yett'ef taneghlust (café) di Irland yernu yettekkay di tira n yiwet n rriwaya n tad'sa tirlandit ay d-yettâeddin di tilibizyu, d tin umi qqaren "Ros na Run".

Ayen d-ijebbden ugar Alex Hijmans gher tirlandit netta d taneffut (rr'uh') n tutlayt-a. Yugh lh'al, maci akken d-ttmeslayent tutlayin tijirmaniyin (germaniques) ghef wafrayen (sentiments) ay d-tettmeslay fell-asen tirlandit. "Ghef umedya, win yettmeslayen tirlandit werdjin ad ak-yini yerfa negh yeh'zen, wanag ad ak-yini d akken ghlin-d fell-as wurfan negh yeghli-d fell-as leh'zen", ay d-yenna Hijmans. "Ihi Irlandiyen ur llin d wid ixeddmen afrayen, wanag d afrayen ay d-yettrusun fell-asen, ghellin-d fell-asen. S waya, zemren ad d-mmeslayen ghef tghawsiwin timect'ah' akk deg wayen tth'ulfun, yernu d anect-a ay yerran tutlayt-nsen d tucbih't." D acu kan, ur telhi ara tirlandit akken ad d-temmeslayed' yis-s ghef wuguren n twesyin (impôts) negh ad d-tawid' yis-s awal d wabâad' ghef kra yerzan tussna. Tirlandit-a a tbennu iman-is ass-a cwit', cwit', akken ad tughal d tutlayt tatrart di tallit n yiselkimen (ordinateurs). D acu kan, w issen ma yella wanect-a akk ad iqam akken ad iqenneâ agdud irlandi (yesâan tlata n yimelyunen n yemdanen) d akken tutlayt-is tezmer ad tughal d tin inefâen, negh ala.

Anda ur tt-ixuss' wacemma

Maci di lbat'el ay yezdegh Alex Hijmans di Galway, wanag yefren amd'iq-a imi ay d-yuzga di tlemmast n Gaeltacht negh timiwa i deg d-mazal ttmeslayen tirlandit di Irland. Maca wid yebghan dgha s tidet ad lemden tirlandit, ilaq ad rnun ad sbeâden gher Wetram (lgherb), gher tegzirin n Aran. Tameqqrant akk si ger tegzirin-a, tin umi qqaren Innis Mor, ttidiren deg-s 900 n yimezdaghen. Yal aseggas, d igiman (milliers) n yimerrayen (touristes) ay d-irezzun fell-as akken ad ddmen seg-s citt' n yedles aqbur akk d tutlayt tirlandit. Dgha yewâer' ad d-naf din kra n ugalis (panneau) yuran s teglizit, yernu win ur nfehhem ara d acu-t unamek n "Geill Sli" mi ara yezger abrid dinna, tezmer ad terwi fell-as, imi ay yezmer ad t-yewwet wegmar (aâewdiw) yezzughuren tacarid't ma iâedda-d syenna.

Mi ara nwali gher Innis Mor, ad as-nini d akken tirlandit ur tt-ixuss' wacemma dinna. Idlisen n unaray n tmerrit (office touristique) n din merr'a s tirlandit, nezmer ad naf digh dinna iz'ekwan iseltiyen iqburen yernu ula d ighyal n din amzun yemxallaf citt' ujaâu-nsen ghef win n yeghyal n wanda nnid'en. D acu kan, maci akka ay gant lumur' di tidet wanag qrib merr'a ilmez'yen yettidiren di tegzirt-a steâr'ifen d akken s teglizit ay ttmeslayen deg wexxam. Di berr'a, ttmeslayen kan tirlandit imi ay h'emmlen yimerrayen ad as-slen, wanag imawlan-nsen, tgen-asen ifadden akken ad lemden taglizit d tamezwarut, akken ad rebh'en di ddunit.

Afulklur' (Le folklore):

Tanegga (agence) tirlandit n Udaras na Gaeltachta tettaârad' ad teg akk ayen umi tezmer akken ur tettughal ara tutlayt tirlandit d ah'ric seg ufulklur', yernu tettwali d akken tutlayt-a d allal (instrument) ara yesnernin tadamsa (économie) n Irland. Tanegga-ya tettaârad' ad d-taf iqeddicen i wid yettmeslayen tirlandit di tmiwa n Gaeltacht (timiwa n yiles irlandi), dgha tettâawan s yedrimen tikebbaniyin ay yessexdamen wid yettmeslayen tirlandit, yernu di tkebbaniyin-a, wid yettmeslayen taneglizit di leqdic dima smektayan-ten-id, qqaren-asen : "fket citt'ah' n lweqt i yiman-nwen i deg ara tlemdem tirlandit".

Dgha d imelyunen ay tetts'errif tnegga n Udaras na Gaeltachta akken ad terr tirlandit kifkif-is akk d teglizit yernu yettwali unett'aq-is (porte-parole), Padraig O' hAolain, d akken maci d lmuh'al ma ts'erref tmurt idrimen akken ad tesnerni tutlayt-is u yeqqar-d : "Inabad'en (gouvernements) merr'a ttâawanen tiz'uryin (arts). Aygher ihi nekni ur nettâawan ara tutlayt-nnegh ?". Nemgal (contrairement) n wakken ttwalin wiyad', Padraig O' hAolain yettwali d akken tirlandit mazal yettr'adju-tt lxir gher sdat : "Xas Angliziyen h'ekmen-agh qrib agim (alef) n yiseggasen s tutlayt-nsen tagraghlant idjehden, maca tirlandit mazal-itt tedder. D anect-a ay gh-d-yettaran asirem, ladgha mi ara nwali digh d akken simmal la ttnernin medden ara yettnadin ad issinen tutlayt-nnegh tucbih't".

Ros na Run :

Ula d Trevor O Clochartaigh ur s-ighab ara wanect-a. Yugh lh'al d netta ay d anfaras (producteur) n umazrar-nni (série) n rriwaya mechur'en di Irland, win umi qqaren Ros na Run. Xas ma yella Irlandiyen ugin ad mmeslayen tutlayt-nsen, xmest'ac n yiseggasen ay wwten akken ad ten-id-ts'ah' terga-nsen (chaîne) n tilibizyu [yettmeslayen s tirlandit]. O Clochartaigh yeqqar-d : "Kra seg wid-n yellan ssuturen ad d-tili terga tirlandit wwd'en alammi ay kecmen gher tkurmut (lh'ebs) imi ay ugin ad xells'en tabzart n tregwa yettmeslayen s teglizit". Maca di 1996, yettunefk-asen-d wayen llan ssuturen-t. Sbedden-d yiwen n wefrag (parc) tama n taddart tafellah't n An Spidéal, u ssersen dinna imesgalen (émetteurs) n rr'adyu akk d tilibizyu. Cwit' kan n lweqt sakin, tessken-d terga n tutlayt tirlandit ah'ric amezwaru n rriwaya n "Ros na Run" negh "Imal n Lesrar" s tutlayt tirlandit.

Yal ddur't, ijebbed-d umazrar-agi 250.000 n yemferr'djen di Irland; d at'as ghef leh'sab n wegdud n tmurt-agi. Ma d Trevor O Clochartaigh yettwali d akken Irlandiyen h'wadjen ad sâun tamuggit (drame) i yiman-nsen, dgha yeqqar-d : "Tutlayt-nnegh taseltit teqqen mlih' gher yedles-nnegh; dgha tella-d d ah'ric meqqren si tnettit-nnegh (identité). Xas nettmeslay taglizit, maca d Irlandiyen ay nella. Aqess'er-nnegh d tad'sa-nnegh mxallafen mlih' ghef wid n Wangliziyen, yernu yewâer' akken ad ten-id-nessuqel".
D ayen iweâr'en ghef wid d-ixedmen amazrar-agi ad as-d-afen isegbaren (acteurs) iwulmen, d acu kan, at'as n medden, si tmiwa merr'a n tmurt, ay d-iqeddmen iman-nsen akken ad d-uraren deg-s. Ghef leh'sab n Trevor O Clochartaigh, di lweqt-agi i deg nella ass-a, d ayen ibanen ad d-yed'ru waya, u yerna-d : "Di temdinin d tudrin tirlandiyin merr'a, ferr'h'en yelmez'yen mi ara lemmden tirlandit. Mazal ur tt'uqqten ara mlih' yemdanen am wigi, maca ddeqs deg-sen ay yellan akka. Mazal ad ikemmel umur meqqren di medden ad yettmeslay s teglizit, maca aql-agh a nteddu deg webrid n lâali".

Assaghen liens:

--Amd'iq n Udaras na Gaeltachta, tanegga (agence) n wesnerni n tutlayt tirlandit di tmiwa i deg tt-ttmeslayen, tid umi qqaren "timiwa n Gaeltacht" :
http://www.udaras.ie/

--Imawalen n tutlayt tirlandit :
http://www.ceantar.org/Dicts/

--Amd'iq n rriwaya tirlandit "Ros na Run" negh "Imal n Lesrar"
http://www.tg4.ie/english/rosnarun/index2.htm

--Yettwakkes-d umagrad-agi seg wemd'iq n :
http://www.rnw.nl/nlhome/index.html

Tasuqilt(traduit par) sghur n Omar MOUFFOK d Nadir BOUAOUNI

AMENAY2

07/07/2003, 11h17

Tutlayt Tirlandit La langue Irlandaise:

Tirlandit negh tagaelit d nettat ay d tutlayt tanes'lit n qrib merr'a imezdaghen n tegzirt n Irland, xas ma yella ala kan 26 % n Yirlandiyen ara tt-yettmeslayen mlih' ass-a. Anabad' n Irland yerr-tt d nettat ay d tutlayt yamens'abt (officielle), maca xas yebgha tirlandit ad tughal d nettat ay d tutlayt tawh'idt i yes ara tlehh'u tmurt sya ar sdat, mazal taglizit tesâa azal meqqren at'as, ama ghur wegdud Irlandi ay tt-yettmeslayen kullas, ama ghur n udabu n tmurt-agi.

Tamurt-is (son pays) :

Irland d yiwet si tegzirin timeqqranin akk deg wemd'al, imi ay tesâa 84.000 km2 (n yikilumitren imkuz'en). D acu kan, xas agdud anes'li n tegzirt-a yiwen-ines, Irland tebd'a ass-a ghef sin yeh'ricen : Irland n Ugafa, ay teh'kem Brit'anya Tameqqrant akk d Tegduda n Irland, ay yewwin azarug-is di 1921, u tesâa ass-a 70.000 km2 yernu zedghen-tt 3.700.000 n yimezdaghen. Maca seg wasmi ay d-tlul tegduda tirlandit (yewwin ah'ric meqqren si tegzirt), ara ssuturen Yirlandiyen n ugafa ad teffegh Brit'anya Tameqqrant seg wakal-nsen u ad ttwaqqnen ula d nitni gher Irland tilellit.

Tawacult-is(Sa famille linguistique) :

Tirlandit d yiwet si tutlayin tiqburin akk di Turr'ft (Europe) u tekcem di terbaât n tutlayin tiseltiyin (celtiques) ay yellan d ah'ric si twacult n tutlayin tihendur'ufiyin (indo-européennes). Dgha xas ma yella tirlandit d tutlayt tahendur'ufit am teglizit negh tafr'ensist, ur tent-tcuba ara at'as, wanag tcuba tutlayin ugar tutlayin tiseltiyin ay tt-iqerben, am tikusit (écossais), tamanit (ay ttmeslayen di tegzirt n Man), tagalit (gallois/welsh) akk d tebrit'unit (breton) ay ttmeslayen di tama n Bretagne, di Fr'ansa.

Timiwa n Gaeltacht les bases de la langue Irlandaise:

D timiwa i deg d-mazal medden ttmeslayen mlih' tirlandit yernu d tin ay d tutlayt-nsen tamezwarut di tudert-nsen n kullas. Tuget deg yemd'iqen n Gaeltacht uzgan-d deg Wetram (lgherb) n Irland akk d kra n tegzirin tutrimin. Ah'ric meqqren seg yikuntiyen (comtés) n Donegal, Mayo, Galway, Kerry akk d Cork kecmen di tmiwa n Gaeltacht yernu azal n 80.000 n yemdanen ara yilin zedghen di tmiwa-ya. Tuget deg yimezdaghen-agi ttidiren s tfellah't negh s tkessawt, yernu at'as n wansayen (traditions) irlandiyen iqburen ay d-mazal ddren ghur-sen am uz'awan amensay (musique traditionnelle) akk d tutlayt tirlandit taqburt.

Timiwa n Gaeltacht sâan ddur' meqqren at'as deg wesnerni n tutlayt tirlandit di Irland. Akken ad yesnerni udabu timiwa-yagi u ad tent-yerr leââbent ddur' di tdamsa n tmurt, yesbedd-d tanegga n Udaras na Gaeltachta. Tanegga-yagi tettekkay deg wesnerni n tmer rayt (tourisme) tadelsant di tmiwa n Gaeltacht, dgha at'as n medden ay d-irezzun ghef tmiwa-ya akken ad issinen tutlayt d wansayen ines'liyen irlandiyen, am wakken digh ara z'ren ccbah'a n tmurt-agi, d ayen d-issekcamen idrimen imeqqranen i tmiwa-ya. Am wakken digh ay tessebghas (encourager) tnegga n Udaras na Gaeltachta tikebbaniyin akken ad sseqdacent tirlandit di leqdic. Llant at'as n tkebbaniyin ara yesseftayen (investir) idrimen-nsent di tmiwa n Gaeltacht, u anect-a d ayen inefâen s wat'as tadamsa tirlandit.

Si tama nnid'en, imezdaghen n tmiwa n Gaeltacht ssawad'en taghect-nsen gher wakk timiwa nnid'en n Irland, imi ay sâan yiwet n rr'adyu mechur'en, "Raidio na Gaeltachta" yettmeslayen s tirlandit, yernu ttaken-as-d tamezz'ught wat'as n medden, am wakken digh ara tleââeb tilibizyu n tutlayt tirlandit , TG4, ddur' meqqren deg uselh'u n tutlayt-agi di tmurt merr'a.

Assider n tutlayt tirlandit maci ala kan d idles irlandi ay yenfeâ, wanag yewwi-d lfayda meqqren i tdamsa (économie) n tegduda tirlandit. D anect-n umi ifaq udabu n tmurt-agi, u s waya ay nezmer ad d-nini d akken tirlandit yettr'adju-tt lxir meqqren gher sdat, imi ay tettekkay di lebni n tmurt-is.

Sghur Hamid OUBAGHA

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